Histology and Embryology

Scholar Year: 2020/2021

Courses

Head Teacher Responsability Maria Helena de Figueiredo Ramos Caria Head Sara da Silva Pereira Colaborador Bárbara Laranjeira de Lopes Vieira Filipe Colaborador

Weekly workload Hours/week T TP P PL TC S E EL OT TPL O OT/PL Type of classes 2 2 Lectures Type Teacher Classes Hours Theoretical Totals 1 2,00 Helena Caria   0,06 Sara Silva   1,93 Práticas-Laboratórios Totals 2 4,00 Bárbara Filipe   4,00

Teaching language

Portuguese

Intended learning outcomes (Knowledges, skills and competencies to be developed by the students)

It is intended that at the end of this course the student is able to:
• To know the structure of tissues, organs and systems / systems at the level of microscopy, particularly
optics but also electronics, as well as embryonic and postnatal development of the major organ systems.
• To acquire basic contents on histophysiology.
• To develop knowledge on Human Descriptive Embryology, integrating the concepts of anatomy and
preparing bases for teaching clinical areas such as obstetrics and paediatrics.
• To know the histophysiology of the tissues and organs of the human body and all of its structural
components.
• To know the structures and processes underlying histophysiological that are most commonly subject to
disease.
• To know and to describe the normal human embryological development, as well as to know and realize
that the most frequent anomalies and their consequences.

Syllabus

. Introduction to the study of Embriology.
2. General Embryology
2.1. Gametogenesis, ovulation, fertilization, segmentation, morula and blastula phase, implantation.
2.2. Bilaminated and trilaminated germ disk.
2.3. Pre-embryonic, embryonic and fetal periods. Embryonic attachments.
2.4. Relationship between embryology and meridian topography and reflexological zones.
2.5. Teratology and description of the most common malformations.
3. Histology and its methods of study
3.1. Epithelial tissue: lining and glandular epithelial tissue.
3.2 Connective tissue: connective tissue itself and connective tissue with special properties. Adipose, hematopoietic, cartilaginous and bone tissue.
3.3 Muscle tissue and nervous tissue.
4. Systems and tissues
4.1 Digestive System
4.2 Respiratory System;
4.3 Skin and attachments
4.4 Histology of the female and male reproductive system.
4.5 Immune system and lymphatic organs.
4.6 Circulatory system and blood cells
4.7 Sense organs

Demonstration of the syllabus coherence with the UC intended learning outcomes

The study developed in the first chapter provides the basic knowledge regarding the formation of human organs and systems from the zygote. Chapter 2 deals with the stages of embryonic and postnatal development of the main organs and systems, as well as the most frequent anomalies and their consequences. Once the approach to embryonic development has been carried out, in chapter three, an introduction to the study of histology will be initiated, based on the process of differentiation of the germinal leaflets, which is indispensable for understanding the formation of tissues.
A microscopic description of the tissues (epithelial, conjunctive, muscular and nervous) will be carried out, the classification, structure, main characteristics and functions of the tissues will be addressed for a better understanding of the curricular units of physiology, biochemistry and pathophysiology. In this chapter, the study of tissue organization and the formation of organs / systems will also be focused. In parallel, a relationship will be made between the structure and the underlying histophysiological processes susceptible to injury. The relationship between the germinal leaflets and the topography of meridians and reflexological zones will also be structured.

Teaching methodologies

The theoretical component (T) of this curricular unit will be taught in a distance learning regime (EaD), through the use of the Moodle platform in asynchronous communication and using the Zoom (or other platform) for synchronous moments, weekly.
The practical-laboratory component (PL) of this course will be taught in person.
Expository and discussion methodologies will be used in a large group and in small groups in the theoretical component (T) and laboratory, participatory and problem-solving methodologies in the practical-laboratory component (PL).
The syllabus will be made available on the Moodle platform accompanied by a set of training activities, which are not subject to evaluation and aim to train and consolidate the acquisition of knowledge as well as to intensify the student's reflection on the themes.

Demonstration of the teaching methodologies coherence with the curricular unit's intended learning outcomes

In the theoretical classes be effected to the descriptive explanation of the syllabus, focusing on the
description of embryonic development and tissue differentiation process, as well as all of its structural
components, conceptualising all histophysiology. Still using the expository and demonstrative methods
frequently anomalies will be addressed and their consequences, as well as the structures and processes
histophysiological more susceptible to injury.
Given the matters to traverse present a practical variant, the classes will have access to histological and
cytological preparations to better integration of knowledge. Outside the hours of their practical classes
students have access to the histologic and cytologic preparations. In the run-up examinations, access to
them is available for 8 hours a day.
At the beginning of each teaching session, the relationship with the subjects addressed will be established
in previous classes, thus contributing to a better environment and greater ease in perception and
achievement of the objectives defined.

Assessment methodologies and evidences

Students in continuous assessment individually perform two tests of a theoretical nature (T1 and T2), tests will be in person or in Moodle, as the pandemic situation allows. The continuous assessment of the practical component will be made by two assessment tests (PL1 and PL2) that mirror the contents of the laboratory practical classes (PL). These tests will preferably be in person.
The final classification (CF) of the course unit, in continuous evaluation, is obtained from the average of the classifications obtained in each element of evaluation of each component, according to the following formula:
CF = 0.50 * [(T1 + T2) / 2)] + 0.50 * [(PL1 + PL2) / 2]
The student can carry out assessment by exam, consisting of a written test with a T component and a PL component, with a weight of 100% of the classification.
The minimum classification in each element of evaluation is 9.5 points.

Bibliografia

Junqueira,LC; Carneiro,J (2008). Histologia Básica (11th ed.). Rio de Janeiro Guanabara Koogan.
Michael, H. R., & Wojciech Pawlina (2012). Histologia - Texto e Atlas - Em Correlação com Biologia Celular
e Molecular (6th ed.). Rio de Janeiro Guanabara Koogan.
Schoenwolf, G.C. & Bleyl, S.B. (2008). Larsen's Human Embryology (4th ed.). Philadelphia. Churchill
Livingston.
Young, B. Lowe, J.S., Stevens, A., & Heath, J.W. (2006). Wheater's Functional Histology - A Text and Colour
Atlas (5th ed.). Philadelphia. Churchill Livingstone.