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Materials
Scholar Year: 2020/2021 - 1S
| Code: |
EM11201 |
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Acronym: |
M |
| Scientific Fields: |
Mecânica/Materiais |
Courses
| Acronym |
N. of students |
Study plan |
Curricular year |
ECTS |
Contact time |
Total Time |
| EM |
65 |
|
1º |
6,0 |
75 |
162,0 |
Teaching language
Portuguese/English
Intended learning outcomes (Knowledges, skills and competencies to be developed by the students)
Promoting knowledge of different types of materials used in mechanical engineering: metals, polymers, ceramics and composites and the relationship between their properties, structure, process and service performance. Recognizing the need for design with new materials.
Syllabus
1. Introduction
Classification of materials. Advanced materials. Modern materials’ needs.
Interatomic bonding. Primary interatomic bonds. Secondary bonding or van der Waals bonding. The structure of crystalline solids. Fundamental concepts. Unit cells. Metallic crystal structures. Density. Polymorphism and allotropy. Noncrystalline solids.
Crystal Systems. Point coordinates. Crystallographic directions. Crystallographic planes. Linear and planar densities. Close-packed crystal structures
Polycrystalline materials. Anisotropy. X-Ray diffraction: determination of crystal structures.
Imperfections in solids. Vacancies and self-interstitials. Impurities in solids. Dislocations and strengthening mechanisms. Characteristics of dislocations. Plastic deformation of polycrystalline materials. Bulk or volume defects. Microscopic techniques.
Diffusion. Diffusion mechanisms. Steady-state diffusion. Nonsteady-state diffusion
Phase diagrams. Solubility limit. Phases. Microstructure. Phase equilibria. One-component (or unary) phase diagrams. Binary isomorphous systems. Interpretation of phase diagrams. Binary eutectic systems. Development of microstructure in eutectic alloys. Equilibrium diagrams having intermediate phases or compounds. Eutectic and peritectic reactions. Solid phase transformations.
2. Metals
Ferrous alloys. The Iron–Iron Carbide (Fe–Fe3C) phase diagram
Development of microstructure in Iron–Carbon alloys. The influence of other alloying elements.
Isothermal Transformation Diagrams. Continuous Cooling Transformation Diagrams
Nonferrous alloys.
Corrosion and degradation of materials. Corrosion of metals. Electrochemical considerations. Forms of corrosion. Corrosion prevention.
3. Mechanical properties and testing of materials
Concepts of stress and strain
Elastic deformation. Stress-strain behavior. Anelasticity. Elastic properties of materials. Plastic deformation. Tensile properties. True stress and strain. Elastic recovery after plastic deformation. Fundamentals of fracture. Ductile fracture. Brittle fracture. Hardness. Hardness testing.
Impact fracture testing. Temperature effect and transition temperature
Fatigue. Cyclic stresses. The S–N Curve. Crack initiation and propagation
Factors that affect fatigue life. Environmental effects
4. Heat treatment of steels
Microstructures. Annealing. Quenching and tempering. Tempered martensite. Surface treatments. Mechanical behavior of Iron–Carbon alloys. Influence of heat treatment in mechanical properties
5. Ceramics
Advanced ceramics. Brittle fracture of ceramics. Stress–strain behavior
Mechanisms of plastic deformation. Mechanical properties.
6. Polymers
Thermoplastic and thermosetting polymers. Copolymers.
Polymer crystallinity. Polymer crystals. Defects in polymers. Crystallization. Melting and glass transition temperatures. Factors that influence melting and glass transition temperatures. Mechanical properties
7. Composites
Fiber-reforced composites. The fiber phase. The matrix phase
Polymer-matrix composites. Hybrid composites. Laminar composites. Sandwich panels. Mechanical properties.
Demonstration of the syllabus coherence with the UC intended learning outcomes
Teaching methodologies
1. Lectures with presentation of concepts and correlation between different types of materials. Typical cases and examples of materials and their application are also discussed. 2. Lab-Practice classes with solving problems. Experimental work in the laboratory is performed in-group, including testing of materials characterization and mechanical testing. Discussion of the reports of the experimental work is included.
Continuous assessment consists of tests and ten laboratory assignments. The assessment can also be made through a final exam.
Bibliography
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING: AN INTRODUCTION - W.D. CALLISTER, JR., JOHN WILEY AND SONS, INC. 7TH EDITION (2007)
PRINCÍPIOS DE CIÊNCIA E ENGENHARIA DOS MATERIAIS - W. F. SMITH, MCGRAW-HILL, 3ªEDIÇÃO (1996)
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